Association of Preterm Birth With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Like and Wider-Ranging Neurophysiological Impairments of Attention and Inhibition

Anna-Sophie Rommel; Sarah-Naomi James; Gráinne McLoughlin; Daniel Brandeis; Tobias Banaschewski; Philip Asherson; Jonna Kuntsi

doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2016.10.006

Association of Preterm Birth With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Like and Wider-Ranging Neurophysiological Impairments of Attention and Inhibition

Anna-Sophie Rommel, Sarah-Naomi James, Gráinne McLoughlin, Daniel Brandeis, Tobias Banaschewski, Philip Asherson, Jonna Kuntsi

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Preterm birth has been associated with an increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like symptoms and cognitive impairments similar to those seen in ADHD, including attention and inhibitory control difficulties. Yet data on direct comparisons across ADHD and preterm birth on cognitive-neurophysiological measures are limited.

METHOD: We directly compared 186 preterm-born adolescents to 69 term-born adolescents with ADHD and 135 term-born controls on cognitive-performance and event-related potential measures associated with attentional and inhibitory processing from a cued continuous performance test (CPT-OX), which we have previously shown to discriminate between the adolescents with ADHD and controls. We aimed to elucidate whether the ADHD-like symptoms and cognitive impairments in preterm-born individuals reflect identical cognitive-neurophysiological impairments in term-born individuals with ADHD.

RESULTS: Go-P3 amplitude was reduced, reflecting impaired executive response control, in preterm-born adolescents compared to both controls and adolescents with ADHD. Moreover, in preterm-born adolescents, as in term-born adolescents with ADHD, contingent negative variation amplitude was attenuated, reflecting impairments in response preparation compared to controls. Although the ADHD group showed significantly increased NoGo-P3 amplitude at FCz compared to preterm group, at Cz preterm-born adolescents demonstrated significantly decreased NoGo-P3 amplitude compared to the control group, similar to term-born adolescents with ADHD.

CONCLUSION: These findings indicate impairments in response preparation, executive response control, and response inhibition in preterm-born adolescents. Although the response preparation and response inhibition impairments found in preterm-born adolescents overlap with those found in term-born adolescents with ADHD, the preterm group also shows unique impairments, suggesting more wide-ranging impairments in the preterm group compared to the ADHD group.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	40-50
Number of pages	11
Journal	Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Volume	56
Issue number	1
Early online date	24 Oct 2016
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.10.006
Publication status	Published - 1 Jan 2017

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Rommel, A.-S., James, S.-N., McLoughlin, G., Brandeis, D., Banaschewski, T., Asherson, P., & Kuntsi, J. (2017). Association of Preterm Birth With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Like and Wider-Ranging Neurophysiological Impairments of Attention and Inhibition. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 56(1), 40-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.10.006

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title = "Association of Preterm Birth With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Like and Wider-Ranging Neurophysiological Impairments of Attention and Inhibition",

abstract = "OBJECTIVE: Preterm birth has been associated with an increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like symptoms and cognitive impairments similar to those seen in ADHD, including attention and inhibitory control difficulties. Yet data on direct comparisons across ADHD and preterm birth on cognitive-neurophysiological measures are limited.METHOD: We directly compared 186 preterm-born adolescents to 69 term-born adolescents with ADHD and 135 term-born controls on cognitive-performance and event-related potential measures associated with attentional and inhibitory processing from a cued continuous performance test (CPT-OX), which we have previously shown to discriminate between the adolescents with ADHD and controls. We aimed to elucidate whether the ADHD-like symptoms and cognitive impairments in preterm-born individuals reflect identical cognitive-neurophysiological impairments in term-born individuals with ADHD.RESULTS: Go-P3 amplitude was reduced, reflecting impaired executive response control, in preterm-born adolescents compared to both controls and adolescents with ADHD. Moreover, in preterm-born adolescents, as in term-born adolescents with ADHD, contingent negative variation amplitude was attenuated, reflecting impairments in response preparation compared to controls. Although the ADHD group showed significantly increased NoGo-P3 amplitude at FCz compared to preterm group, at Cz preterm-born adolescents demonstrated significantly decreased NoGo-P3 amplitude compared to the control group, similar to term-born adolescents with ADHD.CONCLUSION: These findings indicate impairments in response preparation, executive response control, and response inhibition in preterm-born adolescents. Although the response preparation and response inhibition impairments found in preterm-born adolescents overlap with those found in term-born adolescents with ADHD, the preterm group also shows unique impairments, suggesting more wide-ranging impairments in the preterm group compared to the ADHD group.",

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Rommel, A-S , James, S-N , McLoughlin, G, Brandeis, D, Banaschewski, T, Asherson, P & Kuntsi, J 2017, 'Association of Preterm Birth With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Like and Wider-Ranging Neurophysiological Impairments of Attention and Inhibition', Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 40-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.10.006

Association of Preterm Birth With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Like and Wider-Ranging Neurophysiological Impairments of Attention and Inhibition. / Rommel, Anna-Sophie ; James, Sarah-Naomi ; McLoughlin, Gráinne et al.
In: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Vol. 56, No. 1, 01.01.2017, p. 40-50.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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AU - Brandeis, Daniel

AU - Banaschewski, Tobias

AU - Asherson, Philip

AU - Kuntsi, Jonna

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N2 - OBJECTIVE: Preterm birth has been associated with an increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like symptoms and cognitive impairments similar to those seen in ADHD, including attention and inhibitory control difficulties. Yet data on direct comparisons across ADHD and preterm birth on cognitive-neurophysiological measures are limited.METHOD: We directly compared 186 preterm-born adolescents to 69 term-born adolescents with ADHD and 135 term-born controls on cognitive-performance and event-related potential measures associated with attentional and inhibitory processing from a cued continuous performance test (CPT-OX), which we have previously shown to discriminate between the adolescents with ADHD and controls. We aimed to elucidate whether the ADHD-like symptoms and cognitive impairments in preterm-born individuals reflect identical cognitive-neurophysiological impairments in term-born individuals with ADHD.RESULTS: Go-P3 amplitude was reduced, reflecting impaired executive response control, in preterm-born adolescents compared to both controls and adolescents with ADHD. Moreover, in preterm-born adolescents, as in term-born adolescents with ADHD, contingent negative variation amplitude was attenuated, reflecting impairments in response preparation compared to controls. Although the ADHD group showed significantly increased NoGo-P3 amplitude at FCz compared to preterm group, at Cz preterm-born adolescents demonstrated significantly decreased NoGo-P3 amplitude compared to the control group, similar to term-born adolescents with ADHD.CONCLUSION: These findings indicate impairments in response preparation, executive response control, and response inhibition in preterm-born adolescents. Although the response preparation and response inhibition impairments found in preterm-born adolescents overlap with those found in term-born adolescents with ADHD, the preterm group also shows unique impairments, suggesting more wide-ranging impairments in the preterm group compared to the ADHD group.

AB - OBJECTIVE: Preterm birth has been associated with an increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like symptoms and cognitive impairments similar to those seen in ADHD, including attention and inhibitory control difficulties. Yet data on direct comparisons across ADHD and preterm birth on cognitive-neurophysiological measures are limited.METHOD: We directly compared 186 preterm-born adolescents to 69 term-born adolescents with ADHD and 135 term-born controls on cognitive-performance and event-related potential measures associated with attentional and inhibitory processing from a cued continuous performance test (CPT-OX), which we have previously shown to discriminate between the adolescents with ADHD and controls. We aimed to elucidate whether the ADHD-like symptoms and cognitive impairments in preterm-born individuals reflect identical cognitive-neurophysiological impairments in term-born individuals with ADHD.RESULTS: Go-P3 amplitude was reduced, reflecting impaired executive response control, in preterm-born adolescents compared to both controls and adolescents with ADHD. Moreover, in preterm-born adolescents, as in term-born adolescents with ADHD, contingent negative variation amplitude was attenuated, reflecting impairments in response preparation compared to controls. Although the ADHD group showed significantly increased NoGo-P3 amplitude at FCz compared to preterm group, at Cz preterm-born adolescents demonstrated significantly decreased NoGo-P3 amplitude compared to the control group, similar to term-born adolescents with ADHD.CONCLUSION: These findings indicate impairments in response preparation, executive response control, and response inhibition in preterm-born adolescents. Although the response preparation and response inhibition impairments found in preterm-born adolescents overlap with those found in term-born adolescents with ADHD, the preterm group also shows unique impairments, suggesting more wide-ranging impairments in the preterm group compared to the ADHD group.

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DO - 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.10.006

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Rommel AS , James SN , McLoughlin G, Brandeis D, Banaschewski T, Asherson P et al. Association of Preterm Birth With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Like and Wider-Ranging Neurophysiological Impairments of Attention and Inhibition. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 2017 Jan 1;56(1):40-50. Epub 2016 Oct 24. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.10.006

Association of Preterm Birth With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Like and Wider-Ranging Neurophysiological Impairments of Attention and Inhibition

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