Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to delineate placental vasculature with the microbubble contrast agent Levovist (99.9% galactose and 0.1% palmitic acid; Schering AG, Berlin, Germany), with the ultimate goal of delineating placental vascular anatomy in utero.
STUDY DESIGN: A placental lobule from each of 11 term human placentas was perfused an the fetal side of the circulation under physiologic conditions. Randomly assigned dose-concentration combinations of Levovist were administered through a chorionic artery into the corresponding placental lobule, and the resultant echoenhancement with power Doppler imaging was recorded for digital analysis. Interplacental variability was corrected for by averaging the results of three injections at each dose-concentration combination.
RESULTS: Echoenhancement was seen at all dose-concentration combinations in the injected lobule but not in adjacent control lobules. The three dose-concentration combinations that achieved optimal maximal integrated intensity and duration of action for both chorionic vessel and villus enhancement were 100 mu L/kg of 400-mg/mL Levovist, 200 mu L/kg of 400-mg/mL Levovist, and 400 mu L/kg of 200-mg/mL Levovist.
CONCLUSION: Microbubble contrast injection into the fetal vasculature enabled power Doppler imaging echoenhancement both in chorionic vessels and within the villus tree. We speculate that fetal injection of contrast agent may be applied to the delineation of placental lesions or areas of interfetal transfusion, although its applicability will be hindered by the need for fetal blood sampling.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 966-971 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology |
Volume | 182 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Apr 2000 |
Keywords
- digital analysis
- Levovist
- microbubble contrast
- placental vascular anatomy
- TWIN TRANSFUSION SYNDROME