Free-running 3D whole-heart T1 and T2 mapping and cine MRI using low-rank reconstruction with non-rigid cardiac motion correction

Purpose: To introduce non-rigid cardiac motion correction into a novel free-running framework for the simultaneous acquisition of 3D whole-heart myocardial (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) maps and cine images, enabling a (Formula presented.) 3-min scan. Methods: Data were acquired using a free-running 3D golden-angle radial readout interleaved with inversion recovery and (Formula presented.) -preparation pulses. After correction for translational respiratory motion, non-rigid cardiac-motion-corrected reconstruction with dictionary-based low-rank compression and patch-based regularization enabled 3D whole-heart (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) mapping at any given cardiac phase as well as whole-heart cardiac cine imaging. The framework was validated and compared with established methods in 11 healthy subjects. Results: Good quality 3D (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) maps and cine images were reconstructed for all subjects. Septal (Formula presented.) values using the proposed approach ((Formula presented.) ms) were higher than those from a 2D MOLLI sequence ((Formula presented.) ms), which is known to underestimate (Formula presented.), while (Formula presented.) values from the proposed approach ((Formula presented.) ms) were in good agreement with those from a 2D GraSE sequence ((Formula presented.) ms). Conclusion: The proposed technique provides 3D (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) maps and cine images with isotropic spatial resolution in a single (Formula presented.) 3.3-min scan.