Goal-Oriented Semantic Communications for 6G Networks

Upon the arrival of emerging devices, including Extended Reality (XR) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), the traditional communication framework is approaching Shannon's physical capacity limit and fails to guarantee the massive amount of transmission within latency requirements. By jointly exploiting the context of data and its importance to the task and goal of communication, an emerging communication paradigm shift to semantic level and effectiveness level is envisioned to be a key revolution in Sixth Generation (6G) networks. However, an explicit and systematic communication framework incorporating both semantic level and effectiveness level has not been proposed yet. In this article, we propose a generic goal-oriented semantic communication framework for various tasks with diverse data types, which incorporates both semantic level information and effectiveness-aware performance metrics. We first analyze the unique characteristics of all data types, and summarise the semantic information, along with corresponding extraction methods. We then propose a detailed goal-oriented semantic communication framework for different time-critical and non-critical tasks. In the goal-oriented semantic communication framework, we present the goal-oriented semantic information, extraction methods, recovery methods, and effectiveness-aware performance metrics. Last but not least, we present a goal-oriented semantic communication framework tailored for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) control task to validate the effectiveness of the proposed goal-oriented semantic communication framework.