@article{1a5759a2a29b4bffb46083173b82fc1f,
title = "Innovative digital solution supporting sun protection and vitamin D synthesis by using satellite-based monitoring of solar radiation",
abstract = "Public health campaigns advise minimising UV radiation (UVR) exposure to prevent skin cancer and precancer, e.g. actinic keratosis (AK). A 3-day clinical field study, in Brazil, was performed to evaluate the mobile app Sun4Health{\textregistered} by siHealth Ltd. The app performs real-time monitoring of both erythemal and vitamin D-effective solar radiation doses using satellite data, enabling personalised recommendations on optimal sun exposure time and sunscreen use. When coupled to a wearable device, the app also provides body-site specific recommendations (“3D” version). 59 healthy volunteers were randomised into 3 groups, each given a different app providing: (1) ultraviolet index only (control app), (2) personalised recommendations and sun overexposure alerts (Sun4Health{\textregistered} app), (3) as (2) but connected via Bluetooth to a wearable device to monitor sun exposure in 3D (Sun4Health{\textregistered}-3D app). Participants were offered sunscreens (SPF 30 and 50) to use at their discretion. Erythema, quantified by reflectance spectroscopy, was assessed daily in the mornings and evenings on six body sites. Serum vitamin D (25(OH)D3) was measured before and after the study. Mean increase of erythema (Mexameter{\textregistered} units ± SD) of all exposed body sites combined over 3 days showed 55.76 ± 47.47 for group 1, 40.27 ± 37.91 for group 2 and 37.12 ± 30.69 for group 3 (p < 0.05 for all groups). Mean increase of serum 25(OH)D3 (nmol/l ± SD) showed 1.32 ± 36.49 for group 1, 6.38 ± 21.19 for group 2 and 18.68 ± 35.45 for group 3 (p > 0.05 for all groups). The results show that the Sun4Health{\textregistered} app is safe to use and can modify behaviour to reduce skin erythema (sunburn) yet not decreasing vitamin D status. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].",
keywords = "Actinic keratosis, App, Clinical field study, Erythema, Personalised recommendations, Skin cancer, Sun protection, Vitamin D, Wearable",
author = "Young, {Antony R.} and S{\'e}rgio Schalka and Temple, {Rowan C.} and Emilio Simeone and Myriam Sohn and Christina Kohlmann and Marco Morelli",
note = "Funding Information: The clinical field study (No. RBR-2MF6QG) was registered on 20th May 2020 with Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Cl{\'i}nicos (ReBEC) which is a Brazilian database for clinical trials, with ethical approval EN19-0771-01 received by the Brazilian Ministry of Health (Comiss{\~a}o Nacional de {\'E}tica em Pesquisa—CONEP). The study was co-funded by siHealth, by BASF and by the European Space Agency (contract no. 4000120541/17/NL/US). The authors ARY, SS, MM and ES have been the Co-Investigators of the clinical study. The authors are grateful to the technical team of siHealth that developed the Sun4Health{\textregistered} apps used in the study as well as to Markus Schwind and Anja Suckert from BASF for their support. The siHealth{\textquoteright}s Sun4Health{\textregistered} app is distributed as “Sun3P” (“Sun3P-3D” in its 3D version) and commercialised by BASF in the Personal Care market for providing personalised products. Special thanks to the Santos district of the Brazilian Society of Dermatology, represented by the president, Dr Tatiana Chioro Fernandes, and the students from the dermatology league of the medical schools UNILUS (Lus{\'i}adas University of Santos, Brazil) and UNIMES (Metropolitan University of Santos, Brazil) for their valuable collaboration in organising and monitoring the volunteers during the days of the study. Funding Information: The clinical field study (No. RBR-2MF6QG) was registered on 20th May 2020 with Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Cl{\'i}nicos (ReBEC) which is a Brazilian database for clinical trials, with ethical approval EN19-0771-01 received by the Brazilian Ministry of Health (Comiss{\~a}o Nacional de {\'E}tica em Pesquisa—CONEP). The study was co-funded by siHealth, by BASF and by the European Space Agency (contract no. 4000120541/17/NL/US). The authors ARY, SS, MM and ES have been the Co-Investigators of the clinical study. The authors are grateful to the technical team of siHealth that developed the Sun4Health{\textregistered} apps used in the study as well as to Markus Schwind and Anja Suckert from BASF for their support. The siHealth{\textquoteright}s Sun4Health{\textregistered} app is distributed as “Sun3P” (“Sun3P-3D” in its 3D version) and commercialised by BASF in the Personal Care market for providing personalised products. Special thanks to the Santos district of the Brazilian Society of Dermatology, represented by the president, Dr Tatiana Chioro Fernandes, and the students from the dermatology league of the medical schools UNILUS (Lus{\'i}adas University of Santos, Brazil) and UNIMES (Metropolitan University of Santos, Brazil) for their valuable collaboration in organising and monitoring the volunteers during the days of the study. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to European Photochemistry Association, European Society for Photobiology.",
year = "2022",
month = nov,
doi = "10.1007/s43630-022-00263-7",
language = "English",
volume = "21",
pages = "1853--1868",
journal = "Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences",
issn = "1474-905X",
publisher = "Royal Society of Chemistry",
number = "11",
}