TY - JOUR
T1 - Integration of liquid air energy storage with wind power – A dynamic study
AU - Liang, Ting
AU - He, Wei
AU - Ahmad, Abdalqader
AU - Li, Yongliang
AU - Ding, Yulong
N1 - Funding Information:
Ting Liang acknowledge the support from Priestley Joint Ph.D. Scholarship from the University of Birmingham (UK) and University of Melbourne (Australia); The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) of the United Kingdom (EP/W027372/1). This work has also received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 101007976. W.H. would like to acknowledge the support of the Royal Academy of Engineering (RAEng) for Development Research Fellowship [grant numbers RF\201819\18\89].
Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2024/4/1
Y1 - 2024/4/1
N2 - Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES) is a thermo-mechanical-based energy storage technology, particularly suitable for storing a large amount of curtailed wind energy. The integration of LAES with wind power is clearly dynamic, but seldom has been addressed in terms of the integration strategy. To reveal the dynamic characteristics of LAES when smoothing wind power, both the component- and system-level dynamic models of a LAES discharging unit were established, followed by wind power decomposition and the power following tests. The first result shows that a 300 kW LAES discharging unit is more suitable for responding to the wind power component with time scale greater than ∼ 125 s (0–0.008 Hz). To address the faster-frequency (0.008–0.5 Hz) component of wind power, the hybrid storage solutions combining LAES with batteries were proposed and analysed both technically and economically. The comparison results show that the annual cost of a wind-battery system doubles more than that of a wind-LAES-battery system; and the larger the wind farm, the more economic advantages offered by the hybrid storage solution. Overall, this work investigated the dynamic characteristics of the integrated wind-LAES-battery energy systems for the first time. The result reveals the technical feasibility and economic advantages of hybrid energy storage systems for wind integration.
AB - Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES) is a thermo-mechanical-based energy storage technology, particularly suitable for storing a large amount of curtailed wind energy. The integration of LAES with wind power is clearly dynamic, but seldom has been addressed in terms of the integration strategy. To reveal the dynamic characteristics of LAES when smoothing wind power, both the component- and system-level dynamic models of a LAES discharging unit were established, followed by wind power decomposition and the power following tests. The first result shows that a 300 kW LAES discharging unit is more suitable for responding to the wind power component with time scale greater than ∼ 125 s (0–0.008 Hz). To address the faster-frequency (0.008–0.5 Hz) component of wind power, the hybrid storage solutions combining LAES with batteries were proposed and analysed both technically and economically. The comparison results show that the annual cost of a wind-battery system doubles more than that of a wind-LAES-battery system; and the larger the wind farm, the more economic advantages offered by the hybrid storage solution. Overall, this work investigated the dynamic characteristics of the integrated wind-LAES-battery energy systems for the first time. The result reveals the technical feasibility and economic advantages of hybrid energy storage systems for wind integration.
KW - Battery
KW - Economic comparison
KW - Integrated/hybrid storage system
KW - Liquid air energy storage (LAES)
KW - Wind integration
KW - Wind power decomposition
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85183738466&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2024.122415
DO - 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2024.122415
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85183738466
SN - 1359-4311
VL - 242
JO - APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
JF - APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
M1 - 122415
ER -