TY - JOUR
T1 - Non-mental diseases associated with ADHD across the lifespan
T2 - Fidgety Philipp and Pippi Longstocking at risk of multimorbidity?
AU - Kittel-Schneider, Sarah
AU - Arteaga-Henriquez, Gara
AU - Vasquez, Alejandro Arias
AU - Asherson, Phil
AU - Banaschewski, Tobias
AU - Brikell, Isabell
AU - Buitelaar, Jan
AU - Cormand, Bru
AU - Faraone, Stephen V.
AU - Freitag, Christine M.
AU - Ginsberg, Ylva
AU - Haavik, Jan
AU - Hartman, Catharina A.
AU - Kuntsi, Jonna
AU - Larsson, Henrik
AU - Matura, Silke
AU - McNeill, Rhiannon V.
AU - Ramos-Quiroga, J. Antoni
AU - Ribases, Marta
AU - Romanos, Marcel
AU - Vainieri, Isabella
AU - Franke, Barbara
AU - Reif, Andreas
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2021/10/29
Y1 - 2021/10/29
N2 - Several non-mental diseases seem to be associated with an increased risk of ADHD and ADHD seems to be associated with increased risk for non-mental diseases. The underlying trajectories leading to such brain-body co-occurrences are often unclear - are there direct causal relationships from one disorder to the other, or does the sharing of genetic and/or environmental risk factors lead to their occurring together more frequently or both? Our goal with this narrative review was to provide a conceptual synthesis of the associations between ADHD and non-mental disease across the lifespan. We discuss potential shared pathologic mechanisms, genetic background and treatments in co-occurring diseases. For those co-occurrences for which published studies with sufficient sample sizes exist, meta-analyses have been published by others and we discuss those in detail. We conclude that non-mental diseases are common in ADHD and vice versa and add to the disease burden of the patient across the lifespan. Insufficient attention to such co-occurring conditions may result in missed diagnoses and suboptimal treatment in the affected individuals.
AB - Several non-mental diseases seem to be associated with an increased risk of ADHD and ADHD seems to be associated with increased risk for non-mental diseases. The underlying trajectories leading to such brain-body co-occurrences are often unclear - are there direct causal relationships from one disorder to the other, or does the sharing of genetic and/or environmental risk factors lead to their occurring together more frequently or both? Our goal with this narrative review was to provide a conceptual synthesis of the associations between ADHD and non-mental disease across the lifespan. We discuss potential shared pathologic mechanisms, genetic background and treatments in co-occurring diseases. For those co-occurrences for which published studies with sufficient sample sizes exist, meta-analyses have been published by others and we discuss those in detail. We conclude that non-mental diseases are common in ADHD and vice versa and add to the disease burden of the patient across the lifespan. Insufficient attention to such co-occurring conditions may result in missed diagnoses and suboptimal treatment in the affected individuals.
KW - Asthma
KW - Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
KW - Diabetes mellitus type II
KW - Elimination disorders
KW - Epilepsy
KW - Migraine
KW - Non-mental disease
KW - Obesity
KW - Somatic disorders
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85119174678&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.035
DO - 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.035
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85119174678
SN - 0149-7634
JO - Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
JF - Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
ER -