TY - JOUR
T1 - Peripheral immune markers and antipsychotic non-response in psychosis
AU - Enache, Daniela
AU - Nikkheslat, Naghmeh
AU - Fathalla, Dina
AU - Morgan, B. Paul
AU - Lewis, Shôn W.
AU - Drake, Richard
AU - Deakin, Bill
AU - Walters, James
AU - Lawrie, Stephen M.
AU - Egerton, Alice
AU - Maccabe, James
AU - Mondelli, Valeria
N1 - Funding Information:
The study was funded by a Stratified Medicine grant to Drs MacCabe, Lewis, Drake, Deakin, Walters, Lawrie and Egerton from the Medical Research Council (MRC), MR/L011794/1 . The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the MRC.
Funding Information:
Drs MacCabe, Egerton, and Mondelli receive funding support from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London . The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. Dr. Mondelli is also funded by MQ: Transforming Mental Health (Grant: MQBF1 ) and by the Medical Research Foundation (Grant: MRF-160-0005-ELP-MONDE ). Dr. Enache was supported by The Swedish Society of Medicine .
Funding Information:
VM has received research funding from Johnson & Johnson as part of a research program on depression and inflammation. BD has share options in P1vital and has received consultancy fees from Autifony.com . BPM has provided advice on complement to Roche and is a consultant to GlaxoSmithKline; all fees were paid to Cardiff University. JW reported receiving a grant from Takeda Pharmaceuticals outside of the submitted work. In the past three years, SML has received funding for research from Janssen, and personal fees for participating in educational meetings from Janssen and Sunovion. The remaining authors report no conflicts of interest.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/4
Y1 - 2021/4
N2 - Background: Peripheral immune markers have previously been linked to a poor response to antipsychotic medication and more severe negative symptoms at the onset of psychosis. The present study investigated the association of blood cytokines and complement markers with the presence of antipsychotic non-response and symptom severity in patients with psychosis. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 94 patients with schizophrenia and other psychoses, of whom 47 were defined as antipsychotic responders and 47 as antipsychotic non-responders. In all subjects we measured plasma levels of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, TNF-α, and IFN-γ), complement markers (C1-inhibitor, C3, C4, C3a, C3b, Bb, factor D, C5a, terminal complement complex) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Symptom severity was recorded using the Positive and Negative Syndrome scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS). Binary logistic regression tested each immune marker as predictor of response status while covarying for relevant socio-demographic variables. Correlation analyses tested the association between immune markers and the severity of symptoms. Results: Interleukin (IL)-8 significantly predicted antipsychotic non-response (OR=24.70, 95% CI, 1.35–453.23, p = 0.03). Other immune markers were not associated with antipsychotic response. IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α significantly positively correlated with negative psychotic symptoms. Conclusions: Higher levels of IL-8 are associated with a poor response to antipsychotic treatment. Increased cytokines levels are specifically associated with more severe negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia and other psychoses.
AB - Background: Peripheral immune markers have previously been linked to a poor response to antipsychotic medication and more severe negative symptoms at the onset of psychosis. The present study investigated the association of blood cytokines and complement markers with the presence of antipsychotic non-response and symptom severity in patients with psychosis. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 94 patients with schizophrenia and other psychoses, of whom 47 were defined as antipsychotic responders and 47 as antipsychotic non-responders. In all subjects we measured plasma levels of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, TNF-α, and IFN-γ), complement markers (C1-inhibitor, C3, C4, C3a, C3b, Bb, factor D, C5a, terminal complement complex) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Symptom severity was recorded using the Positive and Negative Syndrome scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS). Binary logistic regression tested each immune marker as predictor of response status while covarying for relevant socio-demographic variables. Correlation analyses tested the association between immune markers and the severity of symptoms. Results: Interleukin (IL)-8 significantly predicted antipsychotic non-response (OR=24.70, 95% CI, 1.35–453.23, p = 0.03). Other immune markers were not associated with antipsychotic response. IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α significantly positively correlated with negative psychotic symptoms. Conclusions: Higher levels of IL-8 are associated with a poor response to antipsychotic treatment. Increased cytokines levels are specifically associated with more severe negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia and other psychoses.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85101821591&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.schres.2020.12.020
DO - 10.1016/j.schres.2020.12.020
M3 - Article
SN - 0920-9964
VL - 230
SP - 1
EP - 8
JO - Schizophrenia Research
JF - Schizophrenia Research
ER -