Abstract
Purpose: To review current evidence for the treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis (OT).
Design: Narrative review and expert recommendations.
Methods: Meta-analysis and selected original articles from the medical literature were reviewed critically. Expert recommendations were analyzed.
Results: Numerous observational studies suggest a benefit of short-term antimicrobial therapy for toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis in immunocompetent patients, although its efficacy has not been proven in randomized clinical trials. A randomized clinical trial revealed that intermittent trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole treatment could decrease the rate of recurrence in high-risk patients. Intravitreal injection of clindamycin and dexamethasone was an acceptable alternative to the classic treatment for OT in a randomized clinical trial.
Conclusions: Opinions about therapy differ and controversy remains about its type, efficacy, and length. Intravitreal therapy may be promising for OT. A recent description of the presence of parasitemia in patients with active and inactive ocular toxoplasmosis raises new questions that need to be explored.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 314-320 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Ocular Immunology and Inflammation |
| Volume | 19 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Oct 2011 |
Keywords
- antibiotics
- ocular toxoplasmosis
- recurrences
- steroids
- therapy
- treatment
- uveitis
- ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME
- CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS
- INTRAVITREAL CLINDAMYCIN
- INFECTED PATIENTS
- RANDOMIZED-TRIAL
- RETINOCHOROIDITIS
- GONDII
- TRIMETHOPRIM/SULFAMETHOXAZOLE
- COLOMBIA
- CHILDREN