TY - JOUR
T1 - Water/fat Dixon Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting
AU - Jaubert, Olivier Francois
AU - Lima da Cruz, Gastao Jose
AU - Bustin, Aurelien
AU - Schneider, Torben
AU - Lavin, Begona
AU - Koken, Peter
AU - Hajhosseiny, Reza
AU - Doneva, Mariya
AU - Rueckert, Daniel
AU - Botnar, Rene Michael
AU - Prieto Vasquez, Claudia
PY - 2019/10/17
Y1 - 2019/10/17
N2 - Purpose: Cardiac magnetic resonance fingerprinting (cMRF) has been recently introduced to simultaneously provide T
1, T
2, and M
0 maps. Here, we develop a 3-point Dixon-cMRF approach to enable simultaneous water specific T
1, T
2, and M
0 mapping of the heart and fat fraction (FF) estimation in a single breath-hold scan. Methods: Dixon-cMRF is achieved by combining cMRF with several innovations that were previously introduced for other applications, including a 3-echo GRE acquisition with golden angle radial readout and a high-dimensional low-rank tensor constrained reconstruction to recover the highly undersampled time series images for each echo. Water–fat separation of the Dixon-cMRF time series is performed to allow for water- and fat-specific T
1, T
2, and M
0 estimation, whereas FF estimation is extracted from the M
0 maps. Dixon-cMRF was evaluated in a standardized T
1–T
2 phantom, in a water–fat phantom, and in healthy subjects in comparison to current clinical standards: MOLLI, SASHA, T
2-GRASE, and 6-point Dixon proton density FF (PDFF) mapping. Results: Dixon-cMRF water T
1 and T
2 maps showed good agreement with reference T
1 and T
2 mapping techniques (R
2 > 0.99 and maximum normalized RMSE ~5%) in a standardized phantom. Good agreement was also observed between Dixon-cMRF FF and reference PDFF (R
2 > 0.99) and between Dixon-cMRF water T
1 and T
2 and water selective T
1 and T
2 maps (R
2 > 0.99) in a water–fat phantom. In vivo Dixon-cMRF water T
1 values were in good agreement with MOLLI and water T
2 values were slightly underestimated when compared to T
2-GRASE. Average myocardium septal T
1 values were 1129 ± 38 ms, 1026 ± 28 ms, and 1045 ± 32 ms for SASHA, MOLLI, and the proposed water Dixon-cMRF. Average T
2 values were 51.7 ± 2.2 ms and 42.8 ± 2.6 ms for T
2-GRASE and water Dixon-cMRF, respectively. Dixon-cMRF FF maps showed good agreement with in vivo PDFF measurements (R
2 > 0.98) and average FF in the septum was measured at 1.3%. Conclusion: The proposed Dixon-cMRF allows to simultaneously quantify myocardial water T
1, water T
2, and FF in a single breath-hold scan, enabling multi-parametric T
1, T
2, and fat characterization. Moreover, reduced T
1 and T
2 quantification bias caused by water–fat partial volume was demonstrated in phantom experiments.
AB - Purpose: Cardiac magnetic resonance fingerprinting (cMRF) has been recently introduced to simultaneously provide T
1, T
2, and M
0 maps. Here, we develop a 3-point Dixon-cMRF approach to enable simultaneous water specific T
1, T
2, and M
0 mapping of the heart and fat fraction (FF) estimation in a single breath-hold scan. Methods: Dixon-cMRF is achieved by combining cMRF with several innovations that were previously introduced for other applications, including a 3-echo GRE acquisition with golden angle radial readout and a high-dimensional low-rank tensor constrained reconstruction to recover the highly undersampled time series images for each echo. Water–fat separation of the Dixon-cMRF time series is performed to allow for water- and fat-specific T
1, T
2, and M
0 estimation, whereas FF estimation is extracted from the M
0 maps. Dixon-cMRF was evaluated in a standardized T
1–T
2 phantom, in a water–fat phantom, and in healthy subjects in comparison to current clinical standards: MOLLI, SASHA, T
2-GRASE, and 6-point Dixon proton density FF (PDFF) mapping. Results: Dixon-cMRF water T
1 and T
2 maps showed good agreement with reference T
1 and T
2 mapping techniques (R
2 > 0.99 and maximum normalized RMSE ~5%) in a standardized phantom. Good agreement was also observed between Dixon-cMRF FF and reference PDFF (R
2 > 0.99) and between Dixon-cMRF water T
1 and T
2 and water selective T
1 and T
2 maps (R
2 > 0.99) in a water–fat phantom. In vivo Dixon-cMRF water T
1 values were in good agreement with MOLLI and water T
2 values were slightly underestimated when compared to T
2-GRASE. Average myocardium septal T
1 values were 1129 ± 38 ms, 1026 ± 28 ms, and 1045 ± 32 ms for SASHA, MOLLI, and the proposed water Dixon-cMRF. Average T
2 values were 51.7 ± 2.2 ms and 42.8 ± 2.6 ms for T
2-GRASE and water Dixon-cMRF, respectively. Dixon-cMRF FF maps showed good agreement with in vivo PDFF measurements (R
2 > 0.98) and average FF in the septum was measured at 1.3%. Conclusion: The proposed Dixon-cMRF allows to simultaneously quantify myocardial water T
1, water T
2, and FF in a single breath-hold scan, enabling multi-parametric T
1, T
2, and fat characterization. Moreover, reduced T
1 and T
2 quantification bias caused by water–fat partial volume was demonstrated in phantom experiments.
KW - cardiac MRI
KW - fat fraction
KW - MR fingerprinting
KW - T1 mapping
KW - water–fat DIXON
KW - T2 mapping
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85075468272&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/mrm.28070
DO - 10.1002/mrm.28070
M3 - Article
SN - 0740-3194
JO - Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
JF - Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
ER -