Adjuvants in Allergy: State of the Art

Allergen-specific immunotherapy is administered through subcutaneous or sublingual routes to induce immunological tolerance to allergens. It is the only management option available for treating IgE-mediated allergy to seasonal and perennial allergens by disease modification, resulting in long-term remission. In the last few decades, research into the long-term efficacy and safety profiles of vaccines has led to the increased use of adjuvants in allergen immunotherapy. Through activation of innate immune pathways, adjuvants have been shown to improve the efficacy and safety profiles of allergen vaccines. This paper provides an overview of adjuvants, both in clinical and preclinical settings, currently in use for allergen immunotherapy.