@article{c6daff488a8041b0828344ae73e43a05,
title = "Insulin resistance is associated with impaired cardiac sympathetic innervation in patients with heart failure",
abstract = "Aims: Insulin resistance (IR) represents, at the same time, cause and consequence of heart failure (HF) and affects prognosis in HF patients, but pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. Hyperinsulinemia, which characterizes IR, enhances sympathetic drive, and it can be hypothesized that IR is associated with impaired cardiac sympathetic innervation in HF. Yet, this hypothesis has never been investigated. Aim of the present observational studywas to assess the relationship between IR and cardiac sympathetic innervation in non-diabetic HF patients. Methods and results: One hundred and fifteen patients (87% males; 65±11.3 years) with severe-to-moderate HF (ejection fraction 32.5±9.1%) underwent iodine-123 meta-iodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy to assess sympathetic innervation and Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) evaluation to determine the presence of IR. From 123I-MIBG imaging, early and late heart to mediastinum (H/M) ratios and washout rate were calculated. Seventy-two (63%) patients showed IR and 43 (37%) were non-IR. Early [1.68 (IQR 1.53-1.85) vs. 1.79 (IQR 1.66-1.95); P = 0.05] and late H/M ratio [1.50 (IQR 1.35-1.69) vs. 1.65 (IQR 1.40-1.85); P = 0.020] were significantly reduced in IR compared with non-IR patients. Early and late H/M ratio showed significant inverse correlation with fasting insulinemia and HOMA-IR. Conclusion: Cardiac sympathetic innervation is more impaired in patients with IR and HF compared with matched non-IR patients. These findings shed light on the relationship among IR, HF, and cardiac sympathetic nervous system. Additional studies are needed to clarify the pathogenetic relationship between IR and HF. {\textcopyright} The Author 2015.",
keywords = "123I-MIBG, Cardiac sympathetic innervation, Heart failure, Insulin resistance",
author = "S. Paolillo and G. Rengo and T. Pellegrino and R. Formisano and G. Pagano and P. Gargiulo and G. Savarese and R. Carotenuto and L. Petraglia and A. Rapacciuolo and C. Perrino and S. Piscitelli and E. Attena and {Del Guercio}, L. and D. Leosco and B. Trimarco and A. Cuocolo and P. Perrone-Filardi",
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year = "2015",
month = oct,
doi = "10.1093/ehjci/jev061",
language = "English",
volume = "16",
pages = "1148--1153",
journal = "European Heart Journal-Cardiovascular Imaging",
issn = "2047-2404",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "10",
}