Mapping Manufacturers and Exporters of Items Listed in the Model Additional Protocol Annexes for Outreach Activities

Article 2.a of the Model Additional Protocol (AP) requires states to provide data to the IAEA on the manufacture and/or export of a range of nuclear safeguards-relevant materials, equipment, software and technology listed in the AP’s Annexes. Member states can use national export control legislation to collect this data. However, manufacturers and exporters can often be involved in the production or international transfer of AP-relevant items without realising the need to track and report such activities, leading them to unwittingly place the member state in breach of its AP obligations.
To better meet their AP obligations, states can engage domestic manufacturers and exporters in awareness raising activities, particularly for those capable of manufacturing and/or exporting AP-relevant items. The goal of such activities is to increase reporting and communication with national competent authorities, allowing for better reporting of AP-relevant activities and for exports of concern to be identified and examined prior to shipment. One key challenge in implementing such activities is ensuring that national competent authorities can reach out to all relevant manufacturers and exporters of AP-related items.
The paper examines how a combination of open and closed data sources can be used to develop and maintain a national map of organisations within a state engaged in manufacturing or exporting activities related to AP implementation. It also provides a series of suggested approaches for outreach activities to raise awareness of how they can become compliant with the national legislation which enables the state to meet its AP reporting obligations. A range of tools and data sources are presented, and their relative strengths and weaknesses are evaluated. These include national corporate data registries, strategic trade analysis products, business-to-business sales platforms, tendering websites, patent databases, company websites, and export licencing data.